![]() Ning DZ, Wang RQ, Zou QP, Teng B (2016) An experimental investigation of hydrodynamics of a fixed OWC Wave Energy Converter. Sarmento AJ, Falcão ADO (1985) Wave generation by an oscillating surface-pressure and its application in wave-energy extraction. Sarmento AJ (1992) Wave flume experiments on two-dimensional oscillating water column wave energy devices. ![]() Şentürk U, Özdamar A (2012) Wave energy extraction by an oscillating water column with a gap on the fully submerged front wall. J Fluid Mech 114(1):481–499Įvans DV, Porter R (1995) Hydrodynamic characteristics of an oscillating water column device. P R Soc A Math Phy 370(1959):235–245Įvans DV (1982) Wave-power absorption by systems of oscillating surface pressure distributions. Heath TV (2012) A review of oscillating water columns. Renew Energy 50:938–949Īntonio FDO (2010) Wave energy utilization: a review of the technologies. Liberti L, Carillo A, Sannino G (2013) Wave energy resource assessment in the Mediterranean, the Italian perspective. López I, Andreu J, Ceballos S, de Alegría IM, Kortabarria I (2013) Review of wave energy technologies and the necessary power-equipment. Vicinanza D, Contestabile P, Nørgaard JQH, Andersen TL (2014) Innovative rubble mound breakwaters for overtopping wave energy conversion. In addition, a higher incident wave height will lead to a lower energy absorption efficiency but a stronger dissipation ratio. Varying breakwater length will lead to a periodic variation in energy absorption efficiency. The results show that a proper configuration of the submerged breakwater is significantly helpful to optimize the energy conversion curve. Moreover, the effect of wave nonlinearity induced by increasing incident wave heights on the OWC device is examined. The effects of the dimensions (height and length) of the submerged breakwater on the hydrodynamic characteristics, such as wave energy conversion efficiency ( ξ), reflection coefficient ( C r), transmission coefficient ( C t), and energy dissipation ratio ( E D) are explored thoroughly. The classical free surface capturing method volume of fluid (VOF) is employed to model first-order Stokes waves. Numerical simulations are performed with the open source package OpenFOAM and the toolbox waves2Foam. The base hydrodynamic performance of a traditional offshore oscillating water column (OWC) device is compared against the case in which it is constructed over a submerged breakwater. On the other hand, a good agreement with the predicted formulas was found for the reflection coefficient.In this paper, an example of a symbiotic combination of marine structures is studied. The comparison revealed that the literature equations tended to underestimate the transmission coefficient due to the critical condition represented by a zero free-board breakwater. The data for the transmission and reflection coefficients were compared with literature equations. Along the leeward side, the current profiles have an offshore direction close to the bottom and a shoreward direction close to the free surface where the reduction of the water depth induced an acceleration of the flow, influenced by the overtopping: the excess of water in the leeward zone flows back through the gap. Results include flow patterns on the seaward and leeward side of the breakwater for both wave conditions, as well as transmission and reflection coefficients. Measurements include surface elevation time series, as well as three-dimensional velocity time series of the flow around the physical model. Two wave conditions were examined: one with an offshore wave height of 2 m(Case A) and one with the maximum annual characteristic offshore wave height(Case B), as they were calculated in prototype scale. For the design of the rock armor layer of the physical model, the van der Meer's hydraulic stability formula was applied. The physical model of scale factor 1/30, was designed in such a way so it resembles part of a system of detached breakwaters located parallel to the shoreline, in a coast of constant slope 1/15, assuming Froude similarity. In the present study, the flow induced by waves around a physical model of a detached low crested rubble mound breakwater is investigated experimentally. Nowadays low crested breakwaters -rubble barriers constructed with their crest level close to the still water depth - are preferred than emerged ones, since they guarantee better water circulation, less maintenance costs and greater environmental harmonization. Coastal structures are usually designed for shoreline protection and defense of recreational activities.
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